Makore angangoita mamiriyoni 2.6 apfuura, Quaternary Ice Age yakatanga. Nyika yakapinda mukutonhora kwenguva refu - machira makuru echando akapararira kubva pamatanda, achifukidza nzvimbo dzakakura dzeNorthern Hemisphere, tembiricha yepasi rose iri pasi pe5°C kusvika 10°C kupfuura nhasi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kudaro, boka remahofori rakakura munzvimbo dzine chando netundra. Vakapfeka mvere dzakakora, vakashonga nyanga huru kana magokora ezvombo, vakatsungirira kutonhora kwakanyanya munzira dzavo. Vakafamba pasi rose kuburikidza nePleistocene, asi vakanyangarika sezvo Ice Age yekupedzisira yakasvika pakupera.
Woolly Mammoth: Hofori yeShaggy yeMinda yeIce
Mhuka yemhando yewoolly mammoth ndiyo mhuka inonyanya kuzivikanwa muIce Age. Inozivikanwa nesainzi seMammuthus primigenius, yakafukidzwa nemvere dzakakora, dzegoridhe-brown kana dzvuku-brown — mvere dzechisikigo dzinokwanisa kutsungirira tembiricha inosvika -50°C.
Mhuka yemhando yeWoolly Mammoth yakakura kupfuura nzou dzemazuva ano — yakamira kusvika mamita matatu pafudzi uye yairema matani matanhatu. Mhuka dzechikadzi dzaiwanzoreba mamita 1.5 kusvika maviri, nepo mhuka dzechirume dzaiva neavhareji yemamita 2.2 kusvika 2.5, dzimwe dzichipfuura mamita matatu. Chinhu chayo chakasiyana zvikuru kwaive nyanga dzayo dzakakombama zvakanyanya, dzine miromo yakanongedzera mukati — semitsvairo mikuru miviri. Masayendisiti anotenda kuti mhuka iyi yakashandisa nyanga idzi kutsvaira sinou nekusvika pauswa huri pasi.
Kufekitori yeHualong, mammoth yedu ine manyawi emhando yeanimatronic woolly mammoth inodzokorora zvinhu izvi: magadzirirwo emvere dzakapfava, nyanga hombe dzakakombama, uye muviri wakasimba. Kufamba kwayo kunosanganisira kupenya, kuzunguzika kwehunde, uye kufamba kwemusoro nemuswe - kwakakodzera kumamiziyamu, mapaki emitambo, uye kuratidzwa kwemabhizimisi.
Chipembere Chemvere: Chipembere Chenguva Yechando Chakapfeka Nhumbi Dzekudzivirira
Mhuka ine mvere dzemakwai yaifamba-famba muminda yechando padivi pechikara chikuru ichi. Yaigara kuchamhembe kweEurasia, ine hurefu hwemamita 3.5 kusvika 4, mamita 2 kusvika 3 pafudzi, uye yairema matani 7 - yakakura zvishoma pane mhuka chena yemazuva ano. Muviri wayo wese wakafukidzwa nemvere dzakakora uye mafuta ekudzivirira kupisa. Nenzeve dzayo dzakareba, makumbo mapfupi akasimba, uye furemu diki, yainyatsoenderana nechando. Chinhu chakanyanya kuzivikanwa chemhuka ine mvere dzemakwai yaive nyanga dzayo mbiri pamhino - nyanga yepamberi yakareba uye yakakombama kumashure, nyanga yekumashure ipfupi. Kusiyana nenyanga dzakaita sedzakatetepa dzemhuka dzemazuva ano, nyanga dzemhuka dzine mvere dzemakwai dzaive dzakatetepa.
Zvisaririra zvechipembere chine mvere zvakapararira zvakanyanya kuchamhembe kweEurasia, zvichiita kuti chive chimwe chezvipembere zvinobudirira zvikuru munguva yeIce Age. Chakararama kusvika makore angangoita 11,000 apfuura, ndokunyangarika pamwe chete nenguva yechando.
Chipembere cheHualong chine mvere dzemakwai chinonyatsogadzira mvere dzacho dzakakora uye chine nyanga mbiri - kubva padumbu rayo rakasimba kusvika pahurefu hwemakumbo ayo akasimba, zvese zvinoratidza mamiriro akaoma echando. Chinoita kuti mhuka iyi yakambopera kwenguva refu ive mupenyu, chichishanda seuchapupu hwakajeka hwekusiyana-siyana uye kugona kuchinjika kwemhuka dzinoyamwisa dzemuIce Age.
Ground Sloth: Murwi Ane Nzeve Dzakakura
Mufirimu remafirimu eIce Age, simbe Sid yakasiya pfungwa huru kuvateereri. Asi munguva chaiyo yeIce Age, kwaiva nesimbe dzakakura kupfuura Sid - dzaigara pasi, dzaiva dzakakura, uye dzaisanonoka. Simbe yepasi (Megatherium) ndiyo yakakurumbira yerudzi rwayo, ichirema kusvika matani mashanu - yakakura kupfuura nzou yeAsia yanhasi. Nzambo dzayo dzaive dzakakura - dzakareba kusvika masendimita makumi mana, dzichipfuura mazino ekatsi rine mazino matema. Nzambo idzi hombe dzaive zvombo zvinotyisa zvakapihwa nezvisikwa.
Payakatarisana nezvikara zvakaita sekatsi ine mazino matema, simbe yemuvhu haina kuedza kutiza (yaisagona kuvapfuura). Asi, yairatidza nzara dzayo huru yekudzivirira - kunyangwe katsi ine mazino matema ine mazino matema yaifanira kufunga kaviri isati yasangana nechikara chikuru kudaro.
Hualong's ground sloth yakakura semhuka chaiyo inotevedzera nzara dzayo hombe nedzakakura. Musanganiswa uyu unoshamisa wehukuru nekupinza, kusanzwisisika uye kutyisidzira, unopa ground sloth mukana wakasiyana zvikuru muzviratidzwa zvine dingindira reIce Age.
Glyptodon: "Tangi Rinogara" reArmored
Kana simbe yemuchadenga yaive murwi weIce Age, saka glyptodon yaive mota yezvombo inofamba. Iri hama yepedyo ye armadillo yemazuva ano, glyptodon yaisvika mamita 3.5 pakureba uye yairema matani angangoita maviri. Muviri wayo wese wakafukidzwa negoko rakaita sekamba rakagadzirwa nemaplates emapfupa anopfuura chiuru ane hexagonal - nhumbi dzezvombo zvechisikigo. Musoro wayo waiva nengowani yemapfupa, uye muswe wayo waidzivirirwa nemhete dzemapfupa - mamwe marudzi, seDoedicurus, akatogadzira tsvimbo yemuswe ine minzwa. Glyptodon yakatanga kuonekwa muSouth America uye yakazopararira kuchamhembe kuburikidza neIsthmus yePanama ichipinda muNorth America. Yaidya zvinomera uye ichifamba zvishoma nezvishoma, asi nhumbi dzayo dzezvombo dzakakura dzaidzivisa zvikara zvakawanda.
Glyptodon yedu yeanimatronic inogadzirazve "tangi iri rehupenyu" negoko rayo rakasiyana remapfupa uye chimiro chayo chakatenderera, chakasimba - ichipa zvese kukosha kwedzidzo uye kutaridzika zvakanaka.
Zvinopfuura Kungofanana Nezvimwe — Kumuka Kwevakafa
Kubva pakuumbwa kwebvudzi reshiri yemhando yewoolly mammoth uye nyanga mbiri dzeshiri yewoolly, kusvika kunzara hombe dzesloth yepasi uye nhumbi dzekudzivirira dzeGlyptodon — chigadzirwa chega chega chakagadzirwa zvine hungwaru zvichibva pakutsvagurudza kwepaleontology. Zvakavakwa nesimbi yepamusoro-soro nezvinhu zvinogara kwenguva refu, zvisikwa izvi zveanimatronic zvakakodzera kuratidzwa panze kwenguva refu. Kufamba kwadzo kunosanganisira kupenya, kuvhura muromo, kuzunguza muswe, uye kufema mudumbu — zvichiunza hupenyu hwechokwadi hwemuviri.
Kunyangwe nguva yechando yapera kare kare, hofori idzi dzakawana "hupenyu" hwechipiri - hwakadzoserwa kwete nenguva, asi nekuda kuziva kwevanhu uye nemaoko emhizha.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-24-2026
